Valve-operating means for internal-combustion engines



July 8- W. M. GOODWIN VALVE OPERATING MEANS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES T Toe/v: Y.

Filed March 5,

Patented July 8, i224.

WILLIAM N. GOODWIN, or CENTRAL SQUARE, NEW vom. VALVE-OPERATING MEANS ron INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES. Application med March 5,1919. serial No. 280,853.

To all lwlw/m. it may concern: indicating the maximum opening of the Be it known that I, WILLIAM Mi GOODWIN, valve as produced by said adjustment. o

a citizen of the United States of America, Figures 3 and 4 are detail section views and resident of Central Square, in the taken respectively on lines 3--3 and 4-4 '5 county of Oswego, in the State'of New York, Fi res 1 and 2.

have invented new and useful Improve- `igure 5, is a detail sectional view taken ments in Valve-Operating Means for Inter, on line 5- 5, Figure 2. 554

nal-Combustion Engines, of which the fol- The invention is adapted to be used in the lowing, taken in connection with the accomoperation of a valve 1 for .controlling panying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact one of the ports as `2` of an internal description. combustion' engine preferably of the four This invention relates to valve operating cycle type, and while it is shown as applied 60 mechanism for internal combustion engines to side valves it is equally applicable to and refers more particularly to the means Valves in the head.

for transmlttingmotion from the cam shaft As illustrated the valve is provided with to the valves involving the use of a rocker a stem 3- movable in a vertical guide contact between the cam and valve operating -4- and having its lower end provided 65 plunger somewhat similar to that set forth with the usual collar 5- formin a seat in my Patent #1,27 0,941, July 2nd, 1918, eX- for the lower end of a relatively sti spring 20. cept asto certain details of construction and 6, the upper end of which engages the function hereinafter pointed out. under side of the adjacent portion of the The main object is to provide the connecengine frame `7- thereby placing the 7o tion between each valve and its operating valve under spring tension to automatically cam with means adjustablel at will while the close the same.

engine is in operation for varyin the per- A cam shaft -8-4 may be supported inv 'iod of opening and closing of sai valve. the usual manner upon the engine frame Another object is to maintain noiseless -7 and is provided with a cam -9- for 75 contact between the various parts of the opening the valve against the action of the connection between the cam and valve. spring 6- through the medium of suitther objects and uses relating tol specific able connections presently described.

parts of the valve mechanism will be A bushing -10- is tightly fitted within brought out in the following description. a suitable opening -l1'- 1n the frame -7- e0 In the drawings, between the cam shaft 8- and lower end Figure l, is a vertical sectional view of a of the valve stem 3- for receiving and cam shaft and portion of the valve Vchamlguiding a vertically movable plunger secber showing a valve and means for transmittion l2- carrying `at its lower end a ti motion from the cam to the valve torocker 13 for contact with the periphery aa vget er with the means for varying the of the cam 9-. period ofopening and closing of the valve, This plunger section .-12- is tubular 40 the dotted lines indicating the limit of openand 4cylindrical and is held against rotary ing movement of the valve under normal movement by a suitable key or pin I4- or low speed conditions. which is secured to the bushing -10- and a0 igure 2, is a similar sectional view in projects into a verticall elongated slot which the means for varying the period of --16` to permit said p unger section to opening and closing of the valve is adjustreciprocate vertically without turning.

ed to a different position to cause the valve The lower end of the plunger sectlon toopen earlier and -to close later than in the 12` is provided with a tubular head au position shown in Figure 1, the dotted line -15- having spaced arms for receivmg trunnions -13- on opposite ends of the rocker -13-, the head -15- being divided diametrically and transversely of the axis of halves to be readily fitted over and upon said trunnions after which the head is tightly fitted within the lower end of the main body of its plunger section 12- to form substantially a unitary part thereof.

The lower face of the rockarm -13 which contacts with the periphery of the cam -9- is preferably concaved circumferentially of the cam and its central portion is substantially coincident with its axis of movement to avoid sliding contact with the periphery of the cam when moving about its axis thereby causing it to function more accurately in maintaining contact between the various parts of the connection between the cam and valve as will be' hereinafter rmore fully explained.

The axis of movement of the rocker and the vertical axis of the plunger are disposed in substantially the same vertical plane as that of the axis of the cam shaft 8 and the valve stem 3- so that the transmission of motion from the cam to the valve may be asnearly as possible in a direct line.

A supplemental plunger 17 is yreciprocally mounted within the plunger section l2- for lvertical movement and has its .lower end extending through the head -15- and provided with a cam face -18- for engagement with the upper convex face of therocker -13- at one side of the axis of the plunger section.

The lower end of the supplemental plunger -17- is preferably attened to approximately the transverse width of 'the rocker -13- with which it is aligned and its lower edge is inclined downwardly in a direction opposite to that of rotation of the cam -9- as indicated by arrow X Figures 1 and 2 so that the, point of the rcam will engage the upper face of the rocker at one side of vthe vvertical plane of its axis thereby causingthe corresponding end of the rocker to be pressed intol contact with the periphery of the revolving cam.

' The upper end of the supplemental plunger -17- is socketed .for receiving one end of a coil spring 19 having its opposite end seated in a similar but inverted socket in the lower end of a cam section 20 which is secured by a pin -21- to and within the plun er section -12-.

The up er en ofthis cam section -20- is provl ed with opposed substantially semi-annular cams -22- both inclined in the same direction circumferentially to cooperate with similar substantially semiannular cam members -23- on the'lower end of a vertically movable head Q4- which is also located within the upper end of a plunger section 12- and is secured to the lower end of a vertically reciprocating valve operating rod -25-.

This rod -25- has its upper end threaded and provided with a screw ca 26 for direct contact with the lower en of the valve stem -3- and is held in its adjusted position by a locknut Q7- The upper end of the plunger section -12- is reduced and provided with a central lengthwise aperture -28- in which the rod -25- is gulded, the adjacent faces of the cam members 22- and -23- being held in contact by a coil spring -29- which is interposed between the head 24fand up er end of the plunger section -12.

t is now clear that the cam 2Q- is movable vertically with the lunger section -12- but is held against turning movement by the pins -21- and 14- while the cam -23- is free to turn relatively to the carni-22- for the purpose of varyin the time of opening and closing of the va ve -1- relativel tions of the valve operating cam -9-.

The means shown for turning the cam member -23- consist of a rotary head 30- journaled' in the upper end of the bushing l0- around the adjacent end of the plunger section l2- and locked to `the plunger rod -25- by means of a yoke 3lhaving its central port-ion assed through an aperture in said rod and its opposite arms slidably engaged in apertures or sockets -32- in the head +30- so as to cause the rod with its cam member Q3- thereon to turn with said head.

Any suitable means may be turning the head -30- and or this urpose it is provided with a laterally pro ect- 1ng arm -33- to which is connecte an operating rod -34- by means of a swivel The` rod -34 may be connected in any well known manner to an operating handle or pedal within easy reaching distance of the operator or driver.

In order that the ad'accnt ends of the plungle rod -25- an valve stem -3- may held in contact at all times I have provided a light connecting rod B6- guided in an aperture B7- in the collar to certain posirovided for .-27- while the u per collar is engaged with the upper en of a relatively light Spring -40- having its lower end restmg upon thecollar -5- as shown more clearly The springs -19, -29- and 4G-- are all relatively light as compared with 'the' spring -40- to main spring 6- which is suiiiciently still to excessively overcome the tension of all of the lighter springs and to assure the closing of the valve when the lower points of the main cam -9- are registered with the rocker -13-.

The head -20- is held against upward disp-lacement by means ofia shoulder -41- movably secured to the upper end of the bushing S10- so as to slightly over-hang one side of the head 30- as shown in Figures l, 2 and 4.

It will now be seen that a -rigid connection is established between the axis of the rocker 13rand lower` end of the valve stem 3 through the medium of the plunger section 12, pin -21-, cam members 22- and -23- and rod -25- and that the rocker 13- is yieldingly held in contact with the periphery of the main cam n9- by means of the spring -19- which also cooperates with the spring -29 to maintain yielding contact between the cam members 22- and -23- and also by the maintain yielding contact between the rod 25 and valve stem 3 thereby preventing lost motion between those parts and obviating the hammering noise due to such lost motion.

llt is obvious that the downward movement of the plunger section l2- carrying the rocker` -13- is limited by the closing of the valve -lunder the tension olf the main spring -6- and that when the main cam -9-. and cam members 22- and -23- are in the positions shown in Figure l the axis or longitudinal center of the lower bearing tace of the rocker -lwill be some distance above thelow side of the main cam -9- atwhich time the point of the cam 18- under the tension of the spring El* will tilt the rocher i3- at an angle to the axis of the plunger section -l2- to cause the rocher to engage the periphery of the main cam -9` some distance to one s'ide of its axis so that the point of contact between the rocker and cams 9- and -18 will be at the side ci the axis ol the rocker opposite the direction ci rotation ci the main cam -9- to prevent lostmotion and resultant noise as the main cam -9 is rotated.,

This appreciable space between the low point of the main cam -9 and central bearing point or axis of the rocker l3- permits a corresponding lowering ol the plunger section l2- and rocker -ll-f carried thereby against the action of the spring 1Q- for the purpose ol varying the time of opening and closing ol the valve -land incidentally increasing the verticalmovement of sa1d valve as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 2. rllhis downward movement' of the plunger vsection l2-,- and rocker l3- is eected by turning the cam `member -23- from the position shown in Figure 1, to or toward the position shown in Figure 2..

For example, assuming that the valve --l` is closed, then turning the cam section -23 from the position shown in Figure 1, will force the plunger section -12- downwardly against the action of the springs -19` and -29- which may be continued until the central bearing point or axis of the rocker is in contact with the low point of the main cam -9- thereby estabishing a rigid connection between the main cam 9- and valve stem 3- for lifting the valvefrom its seat as the main cam is rotated.

lf the parts of the valve operating mechanism are in the position shown in Figure 2 and the main cam *9- is rotated in the direction indicated by arrow X, the inclined side oi the main cam approaching the axis of the rocker will gradually ride against the nearest end of the rocker engaged by the point of the cam -l8 while the opposite end of the rocker will be engaged with the periphery of the cam at the opposite side ot the axis, thus causing the main cam to exert an upward lift upon the valve operating mechanism earlier in the rotation oi the high point of the cam and will also open the valve to a greater extent than when the care` members -22- and -23- are in their normal positions, vthe object of which is to increase the period of intake and exhaust ol the gases as the speed ci the engine increases and thereby to maintain a proportionately increased power under high speed and a reduced iinel consumption under low speed.

What l claim is:

l. lin combination with a cam shalt and spring closed valve ci an internal combustionengine, means actuated by the cam on said shaft for opening the valve against the action ci plunger, the cam and having a cam-engaging falce passing through its axis oi? movemente 2. lin combination with a cam shalt and a spring closed valve ot an internal combustion engine, means actuated by the cam on said shaft Jfor opening the valve against the action orn its closing spring including a plunger and a rocher having a concave bearing face passing through its axis, said rocher being spring pressed into engagement with the cam. y y Y 3. ln combination with a cam shaft and a self closing valve of an, internal combustion engine, a plunger, a rocking member pivoted to` the plunger and provided with a contact lace engaging the cam, said contact face passing through the axis 'of movement of saidroclring member, and means for transmitting, motion from the plunger to the va ve.

ltlll its closing spring including a and a rocher spring-pressed against 4'. Valve operating means for internal and a connecting member between theta pet combustion engines comprising in comhinaanclsaid relatively light spring for hol mg tion with a cam shaft, a spring-seat on the the tap et in Contact with the valve stem. valve stem, a relatively sti' coll spring en-v ln wltness whereof I have hereunto set 15 circling the Tfalvehsternland learintg agains my hand this 25th day of February, 1919. sal seat to c ose t e Va ve, a appe engage with the valve stem to open the valve against WILLIAM GOODWIN the action of the spring, means actuated by l the cam shaft for operating the tappet, a relatively light coil spring encircling the Valve stem within the rst named spring,

Witnesses:

ll-ll. E. CHASE,

' lHOWARD P'. DENIsoN,

ANNA G. JORDAN. 

